Monitoring the Interfacial Polymerization of Piperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride with Hydrophilic Interlayer or Macromolecular Additive by In Situ FT-IR Spectroscopy

Monitoring the Interfacial Polymerization of Piperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride with Hydrophilic Interlayer or Macromolecular Additive by In Situ FT-IR Spectroscopy

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The interfacial polymerization (IP) of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) has been extensively utilized to synthesize nanofiltration (NF) membranes.However, it is still a huge challenge to monitor the IP reaction, because of the fast reaction rate and the formed ultra-thin film.Herein, two effective strategies were applied to reduce the IP reaction rate: (1) the introduction of hydrophilic interlayers between the porous substrate and the formed polyamide layer, and (2) the addition of macromolecular additives in natio celebrate eyeshadow palette the aqueous solution of PIP.As a result, in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was firstly used to monitor the IP reaction of PIP/TMC with hydrophilic interlayers or macromolecular additives rumchata proof in the aqueous solution of PIP.Moreover, the formed polyamide layer growth on the substrate was studied in a real-time manner.

The in situ FT-IR experimental results confirmed that the IP reaction rates were effectively suppressed and that the formed polyamide thickness was reduced from 138 ± 24 nm to 46 ± 2 nm according to TEM observation.Furthermore, an optimized NF membrane with excellent performance was consequently obtained, which included boosted water permeation of about 141−238 (L/m2·h·MPa) and superior salt rejection of Na2SO4 > 98.4%.